Laser Seed Pretreatment Alters the Silybin Content and Anti-Dictyostelium discoideum Cell Growth Activity of Silybum marianum (L.) Fruit

Silybum marianum is a medicinal plant that produces silybins A and B, which exhibit liver-protective activities. The He–Ne laser pre-sowing seed treatment has been used as physical biostimulator in numerous plants to promote germination, growth, secondary metabolite production. Thus, this study, at 632.8 nm was irradiate S. seeds with the aim of promoting growth well enhancing production silybin (A + B). were irradiated for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 min. attributes plants, B) content bioactivities fruit extracts from various groups, compared. results indicated all treatments resulted subsequent increase highest yield observed min treatment. An chalcone synthase gene expressions 6-, 8-, 10-min laser-irradiated seeds. contents 6-min-irradiated Furthermore, corresponding extract also exhibited elevated cell inhibition Dictyostelium discoideum model.